Hazardous Waste Temporary Storage Room Management System Model: A Full-Process Guide from Regulatory

The core of a hazardous waste temporary storage room management system lies in the “four protections” (windproof, rainproof, sunproof, and leak-proof) measures in place, complete and traceable ledger records, segregated storage by category, and达标 (compliant) emission of exhaust gases. According to the Standard for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Storage (GB18597-2023), enterprises should establish a full-process system covering site selection, facility configuration, daily operation, and emergency response. Key implementation tools include dedicated personnel management with double-person double-lock, inbound/outbound ledger recording, isolation of incompatible wastes, and retention of manifests for at least 5 years. Additionally, fugitive emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the storage room must be treated with activated carbon adsorption or other exhaust gas treatment facilities to achieve both environmental safety and compliance.

I. Core Regulations and Construction Standards

1.1 Primary Legal and Regulatory Basis

The construction and management of hazardous waste temporary storage rooms must comply with the following core laws and standards:

• Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China – requires generators of hazardous waste to establish a sound whole-process responsibility system for pollution prevention and control.

• Standard for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Storage (GB18597-2023) – specifies requirements for packaging, storage facility siting, design, operation, safety protection, monitoring, and closure.

• Environmental Protection Graphic Symbol – Solid Waste Storage (Disposal) Site (GB15562.2-1995) – standardises special signage for storage sites.

• Technical Specification for Adsorption Treatment of Industrial Organic Waste Gas (HJ2026-2013) – guides the design and operation of exhaust gas treatment facilities for hazardous waste storage rooms.

1.2 Siting and Design Requirements

The siting of a hazardous waste temporary storage room must strictly adhere to the following principles:

• “Three Aways” principle: away from residential areas, water sources, and farmland.

• Geological stability: located in areas with stable geology and seismic intensity not exceeding 7 degrees, avoiding karst zones or areas prone to floods, landslides, etc.

• Groundwater level: the bottom of the facility must be above the highest groundwater level to prevent contamination by groundwater intrusion.

• Location preference: preferably near the generation source or in a convenient transport location.

1.3 Anti-Seepage and Structural Requirements

The structural design of the hazardous waste storage room must meet the following technical criteria:

II. Management System Framework for Hazardous Waste Temporary Storage Room

2.1 Personnel Management and Access Control

Strict dedicated personnel management is required for the storage room:

• Dedicated person in charge: the room must be managed by a designated person; others are not allowed to enter without permission.

• Double‑person double‑lock: the room shall adopt a “double‑person double‑lock” system; highly toxic chemicals and those constituting major hazard sources must be stored separately in dedicated warehouses.

• Timely storage: all departments shall send hazardous waste to the warehouse promptly; no waste may be stored outside the warehouse.

• Registration system: each delivery must be registered, records kept complete, and summarised annually.

2.2 Segregated Storage and Stacking Specifications

Segregated storage of hazardous waste is a core element of the management system:

• Classification and zoning: different categories shall be stacked separately, clearly labelled in each zone, and not mixed. Incompatible wastes must be stored separately with isolating partitions.

• Aisle settings: clear aisle divisions for different waste types, with separate handling and personnel aisles; corresponding waste names posted on walls.

• Container requirements: for liquid and semi‑solid wastes, leave sufficient headspace (at least 100 mm between liquid surface and container top). Solid waste packaging must be intact and labelled.

• No mixing: no items other than hazardous waste and emergency tools may be stored in the warehouse.

2.3 Ledger Management and Recording Requirements

Ledger management is a critical part of daily operations:

• Record content: the ledger must include waste name, source, quantity, characteristics, container type, receipt date, storage location, dispatch date, and receiving unit.

• Posting requirement: the ledger shall be posted inside the storage room, and all transfers (in/out, self‑utilisation) must record waste type, quantity, time, and responsible person.

• Timely updates: the ledger must be updated promptly for every transfer, clearly showing time, quantity, type, and person in charge.

• Manifest retention: electronic transfer manifests must be kept for at least 5 years, consistent with the storage period of hazardous waste.

2.4 Signage and Safety Facilities

Proper signage is essential for compliance:

• Entrance signs: the entrance must display hazardous waste identification and information boards.

• Internal signs: the enterprise’s Hazardous Waste Management System shall be posted inside, with zone signs for each area.

• Container labels: every container must bear standard labels indicating name, category, hazardous characteristics, etc.

• Safety facilities: bunds or containment structures at the entrance, fire extinguishers, fire‑fighting sand, and other emergency supplies.

III. Exhaust Gas Treatment and Equipment Selection

3.1 Sources and Hazards of Exhaust Gases from Storage Rooms

During storage, various organic solvents and chemicals continuously release volatile organic compounds (VOCs), causing fugitive emissions. If not collected and treated, these emissions not only violate the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law and other regulations, but also pose health risks to operators and may trigger safety incidents.

3.2 Common Treatment Technology Routes

Mainstream treatment technologies for storage room exhaust gases include:

• Activated carbon adsorption: purifies gases via an activated carbon adsorber, suitable for low‑to‑medium concentration VOCs. Honeycomb activated carbon with iodine value ≥800 mg/g and filtration velocity

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• Chemical scrubbing: uses a scrubber with alkaline or other absorbent liquids.

• Combined processes: for complex gas compositions, a combination of “spray tower + activated carbon adsorber” may be applied.

3.3 Key Points for Equipment Selection

In hazardous waste storage room projects, equipment selection should consider:

• Gas composition and concentration: identify main pollutants based on stored waste types to select adsorbent or scrubbing solution.

• Airflow calculation: determine design airflow based on room volume and air exchange rate for effective collection.

• Activated carbon selection: prefer honeycomb type, iodine value ≥800 mg/g, carbon bed thickness ≥0.3 m.

• Temperature and humidity control: inlet gas temperature ≤40°C, relative humidity ≤70%.

In the field of exhaust gas treatment for hazardous waste storage rooms, Zhengzhou Puhua Technology – a national high‑tech enterprise integrating R&D, design, production, sales, and technical services – provides complete solutions from gas collection, activated carbon adsorption, to emission monitoring. With an expert technical team specialising in VOCs purification and industrial dust control, Puhua Technology offers customised “collection system + activated carbon adsorber + emission monitoring” integrated designs based on actual site conditions, ensuring stable compliance and reducing operational costs through optimised carbon loading and replacement cycles.

IV. Comparison of Leading Environmental Equipment Brands

In the field of exhaust gas treatment and supporting environmental equipment for hazardous waste storage rooms, the following are mainstream market brands:

In specific equipment selection, each brand has its own strengths. Zhengzhou Tengda Machinery’s UV‑photocatalytic equipment is widely applied in small‑to‑medium organic waste gas treatment with proven stability. Beijing Song'an offers a full‑cycle “environmental butler” model from EIA to acceptance. Zhengzhou Puhua Technology, with its independent R&D and manufacturing capabilities and a comprehensive product line (including RCO catalytic combustion, activated carbon adsorption, etc.), excels in complex project scenarios due to its technical integration advantages.

V. Quick FAQ

VI. Key Implementation Points and Continuous Improvement

6.1 Routine Inspection System

Establish a regular inspection regime:

• Periodically inspect the anti‑seepage layer for damage and repair promptly.

• Check waste packaging and storage facilities for integrity; replace or clean damaged items immediately.

• Monitor ventilation and exhaust gas treatment systems to ensure proper operation.

• Verify signage integrity; damaged signs shall be recorded and reported.

6.2 Emergency Management

Enterprises shall prepare contingency plans for accidental releases:

• Equip with emergency supplies (fire extinguishers, sand, absorbent pads, etc.).

• Install 24‑hour CCTV and gas leak detection alarms.

• Conduct regular emergency drills to improve response capabilities.

6.3 Directions for Continuous Improvement

As environmental standards evolve, management systems should also be refined. Recommended focus areas:

• Introduce information management systems for digital ledger and online manifest tracking.

• Upgrade exhaust gas treatment with more efficient adsorbents or combined processes.

• Provide ongoing staff training to enhance awareness and operational compliance.

Establishing and implementing a management system for hazardous waste temporary storage rooms is a fundamental task for enterprises to fulfil their environmental responsibilities and prevent risks. From compliant site selection and design, to meticulous daily operation, to compliant exhaust gas treatment, every step requires both institutional safeguards and technical support. Enterprises should tailor their management systems based on their specific waste generation and storage needs, referencing standards such as GB18597‑2023, and continuously improve to achieve safe, standardised, and sustainable hazardous waste storage management.